Xinhua News Agency looks forward to 2020 "black technology": including blockchain, private space travel, etc.

Source: Sina Technology

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, January 2nd, 2020 is the first year of the third decade of the 21st century. New technologies and new breakthroughs have led to new applications and new experiences. This year, it is expected to help more "science fiction scenes" come into reality, but some new developments in "black technology" may trigger new controversies.

Robots close to people, "brain control" comes true

Robots are becoming more and more human, and this trend is expected to continue to attract attention this year. For example, the 2020 Tokyo Olympics will use robots that can guide spectators and carry items. Wearable exoskeleton shaped like backpacks can effectively help reduce the burden on porters.

Robots are becoming more and more "smart". Beside the artificial intelligence that is "trained" by massive data, it is also inseparable from the new generation of communication technology. 2019 is the "first year of 5G commercial use", and 2020 is the "year of 5G take-off." Telecom operators in more countries have indicated that they will provide or expand 5G services, and 5G mobile phones are also expected to have more options. The deep integration of 5G with education, medical, manufacturing, transportation and other fields will expand novel application scenarios.

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In the era of big data, human pursuit of computing power is endless. Google Corporation of the United States announced last year that it successfully demonstrated "quantum hegemony", and its quantum system took only about 200 seconds to complete the computing tasks that the world's top supercomputers can complete in about 10,000 years. However, this claim has been questioned by some industry experts. With the continuous advancement of research from various parties, it is worth paying attention to whether the uncontroversial "quantum hegemony" can be realized this year.

In 2020, the application of blockchain technology will also become increasingly widespread and mature . Many governments and enterprises have used blockchain technology to carry out practices in such fields as government services, copyright protection, and product traceability. American Facebook announced last year that it would issue a blockchain-based encrypted digital currency, "Libracoin," and many other countries are preparing to issue their own digital currency. Who will be the first to launch "central bank digital currency" as a big suspense this year.

The highlights are the "mind control" technologies that allow the brain to directly exchange information with external devices. In 2019, Elon Musk, known as "Silicon Valley Iron Man," claimed that monkeys have been controlled by computers through the brain, hoping to conduct experiments on human volunteers by the end of 2020. What the "brain networking" of the brain's direct connection to the Internet means may inspire new thinking in the scientific community.

Life is artificial, resurrected from "death"

Life sciences are closely related to our health. Scientists are currently trying to make other animals grow human organs through gene editing, stem cell transplantation and other methods to solve the shortage of human organs for transplantation. Japan took the lead in revising regulations last year to allow "human-animal mixed embryos" to be transplanted into experimental animals and allowed to produce pups. A research team at the University of Tokyo was subsequently approved to cultivate human pancreas in experimental mice using induced pluripotent stem cells. However, some researchers believe that it is safer and more effective to cultivate "organoids" that resemble real organs in the laboratory.

All synthetic life research is expected to make new progress. According to the plan, the "Synthetic Yeast Genome Project" will be completed this year, which will be the first attempt by humans to transform and synthesize eukaryotes, with the aim of redesigning and synthesizing all 16 chromosomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The project is attended by research institutions from the United States, China, Britain, France and other countries, hoping to better understand the biological mechanism, environmental adaptability and evolution of the organism, so as to better solve health, energy and environmental issues.

Can life press the "pause button"? According to the British "New Scientist" weekly report, the University of Maryland Medical Center in the United States used "emergency preservation and resuscitation" technology to bring a seriously injured patient into a "fake death state" for the first time in 2019, and resuscitated after completing emergency surgery. Relevant tests will continue, and the full test results are expected to be announced by the end of 2020. In 2019, a team led by scholars at Yale University in the United States also successfully restored its cerebral circulation and some cellular functions after 4 hours of pig brain death. These new studies have the potential to challenge the definition of life and death boundaries.

In 2020, the progress of new drugs and new treatments is also worthy of attention. The results of a clinical trial of the effectiveness of an HIV vaccine called HVTN 702 in South Africa will be released this year, and it is hoped that the tested vaccine combination will give the HIV a "lethal blow". Some immunotherapies for cancers such as lymphoma and myeloma are also expected to be approved.

Mars "fire", space can swim

2020 is the year of spaceflight, of which Mars is the most "fire". Detectors will travel to this red planet in multiple countries. Among them, China plans to implement the Mars exploration mission for the first time, hoping to achieve Mars orbit, landing and patrol in one launch. The new American Mars rover "Mars 2020", the European "Rosalind Franklin" Mars rover and the UAE "Hope" unmanned prober also plan to fly to Mars this year. There are many "black technologies" on these detectors.

Celestial bodies such as the moon, the sun, and asteroids are also the targets of various countries competing to explore. China will implement Chang'e-5 mission and plan to achieve unmanned return of the moon's surface; Europe will launch a solar orbit probe to study the sun and the inner layers of the solar circle at a close range; India's Adidia-L1 solar probe focusing on corona observation It is also planned to launch this year; the US asteroid sampling probe "Osiris-REx" is scheduled to try the "one touch and go" sampling of the asteroid Benu for the first time in August; the Japanese asteroid probe Starling 2 will The collected asteroid samples were returned to Earth.

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