Big analysis of mining concept: How should we treat the problem of "double digging"

1. The technical principle of double digging

Double digging (multiple digging) means that for a currency using a proof of work (such as PoW, PoC) consensus mechanism, a mining operation can achieve effective simultaneous outbound and outbound in two or more currencies. Block rewards. The double-excavation principle in the PoC consensus mechanism is similar to PoW, but involves a unique Plotting process. The PoC consensus process should provide a complete "Private-Public Key-Address-Plot ID" public-private key system, and the miner must use the Plot ID to generate a Plot file (commonly known as the "P-disk") for mining. Since most PoC protocols use a Plotting algorithm called "PoC2", the "answers" submitted by miners often have similar generation logic and validation rules, which is the premise that most PoC currencies support double or multiple digging. condition.

However, it is important to note that just implementing the same Plot file and applying two or more PoC consensus processes is not enough to form a true double digging (multiple digging). This is because when the "Private-Public-Plot ID" public-private key system of two PoC currencies uses mutually different algorithms, even if the same Plot ID can participate in double-drilling and out of the block, The private key owned by the miner could not "spend" him to dig out the rewards in the block. Therefore, the currency that truly supports double digging must be met at the same time: A. The consensus process is the same; B. The asymmetric encryption system is the same; these two conditions.

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Second, can Lava double dig with other PoC currencies?

First, the conclusion is that Lava did not support double-excavation with known PoC currencies at the beginning of the design, but it does not rule out that some PoC currencies can be double-excavated by using the algorithm connected with Lava. In more general terms, Lava has not been designed to double dig other PoC currencies, but it cannot be excluded or blocked from being dug by other PoC currencies in the future.

The community has reflected that BHD miners can double dig Lava with their Plot ID. In fact, since both Lava and BHD use PoC2's Plotting algorithm, BHD's Plot ID and Plot files can be used to participate in Lava's PoC consensus; however, since Lava's public and private key system is not connected to BHD, BHD miners It is not possible to "spend" block rewards that are dug up in the Lava network. The miners consume the power but cannot obtain any economic benefits, which is a typical ineffective double digging.

In addition, the community recently reflected the phenomenon that DiskCoin can be dug with Lava. We think this is because DiskCoin uses relatively loose verification logic (the specific logic is unknown), which causes the same Plot ID and its generated Plot file to participate in the Lava consensus, and it is also possible to meet the DiskCoin consensus validation rules and generate The block that can pass the check under the DiskCoin rule. In addition, DiskCoin's computing power can't all enter Lava, unless these calculations are completely re-running according to Lava's rules, so there is no need to worry too much about the impact of a large amount of computing power in the short term.

Third, how does Lava view double digging?

First, Lava was not designed to double-dig with known PoC currencies, nor to adjust its public-private key system for pursuing double-excavation with known currencies. Take the double digging of Burstcoin and BHD as an example: Since Burstcoin adopts a public-private key system similar to the account model, BHD uses Bitcoin's Codebase, which causes BHD to not dig with Burstcoin at the original protocol level; however, BHD adds extra within its own protocol. A public-private key system that communicates with Burstcoin (meaning that there are two different public and private key systems in BHD) makes it possible to double-tune with Burstcoin. Lava believes that it is unreasonable to coexist two sets of public and private key systems in the agreement. Therefore, the calculation of the key pair to the Plot ID is directly implemented only on the public and private key of Bitcoin Codebase, which makes Lava deliberately form with the existing PoC currency. Distinguish between public and private key systems to prevent double digging.

So why doesn't Lava directly modify the Plot algorithm to completely eliminate the possibility of being double-excavated? From a technical point of view, PoC is already a relatively mature consensus algorithm, and its supporting software also has a high degree of completion, so if you change the Plotting related algorithm, then Plotting software (P disk software), sweeping software and other peripheral support All of them need to be redeveloped. This is a huge and unproductive job, so Lava believes that this “deliberate exclusive behavior” is meaningless. Lava will be more inclined to prioritize resources to explore the potential of blockchains and consensus mechanisms that are better and more practical.

Finally, although double-excavation with existing currencies is a fast-paced strategy for calculating the scale of scale and ecological cold start, Lava believes that this strategy is not suitable for the long-term development of the Lava project ecology. Lava hopes to explore, build and maintain Lava's unique PoC Consensus Agreement with community members to create a highly open, equal, decentralized "root of global storage space" in our ideals.

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