The world's six "blockchain smart cities" are now in their infancy: China accounts for 2, who will represent the future direction

What will be the "city of the future"?

It is an advanced city with high-rise buildings and a three-dimensional transportation network in "Tomorrow World"; "Cyber ​​Punk" city with vivid colors and neon flashes in "Blade Runner"; five-dimensional space in "Interstellar Crossing"; or "Wandering" The underground city in Earth…

In the past, there were many ideas about the future city in movies and books, and what they did not describe was a form of city built on the blockchain.

Education, medical care, transportation, and even government affairs can all be connected through a network system; citizens sitting at home can vote for tax and participate in public affairs; citizens can get certain after participating in taxation, opinion polling, and government operations. Tokens, which can then be exchanged for the corresponding rewards…

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This "city of the future" based on the blockchain sounds quite sci-fi and distant, but it is gradually becoming a reality.

“Blockchain Smart City” is “up to the ground”: China has Hangzhou Gathering City and Xiong’an New District; South Korea has “blockchain Seoul City”; Switzerland has “Encrypted Valley” Zug; Estonia and San Marino Other countries are also building their own blockchain system.

The inter-chain pulse statistics are sampled and attributed to the “Blockchain Smart City” category, based on several characteristics:

First, the storage and circulation of data in these cities (regions, countries) is based on its own blockchain network;

Secondly, the construction of blockchain system and the development of urban (regional, national) blockchain are based on their own driving force, rather than relying on the introduction of external institutions and enterprises to promote the development of blockchain;

Finally, the “blockchain smart city” divided by the interchain pulse not only refers to the city in the geographical sense, but also includes the region and the country.

Based on the above characteristics, Xiong'an, Seoul, Estonia and other six places have formed different development paths according to their own development environment, and presented several possibilities of “blockchain intelligent city” and future urban development.

Asia: China and South Korea launch "blockchain smart city" competition

Hangzhou, China – Wanxiang Innovation Energy City

According to the inter-chain pulse statistics, the “city of the future” based on the blockchain is mainly distributed in Asia and Europe, while the Asian region is mainly located in China and South Korea.

Mutual chain pulse is the first to focus on China. Recently, the corresponding action in the “blockchain city plan” is the Wanxiang Juengeng City in Xiaoshan, Hangzhou.

At the 5th Global Summit on Blockchain held on September 17, Wang Yunzhen, Chief Innovation Officer of Wanxiang Innovation Energy City, introduced the planning of Wanxiang Innovation City. Inter-Chain Pulse participated in the conference as a special media and learned about the information of Ju Nengcheng.

According to Wang Yunzhen, Wanxiang Innovation Energy City was in September 2016, Wanxiang Group announced the investment of 200 billion yuan to build a smart town driven by blockchain technology. The innovative Ju Neng City covers a total of 2,700 acres and is located in the Dawan District of Hangzhou. It is backed by the Qiantang River and is a large-scale urban project similar to Lujiazui.

Just in February of this year, the first phase of Wanxiang Juengcheng City officially started.

Mutual chain pulse observation has revealed the information, the block-chain technology-driven Wanxiang Innovation Energy City, mainly to make the blockchain empowerment in two aspects of project construction: First, for the interests of people Coordination; second, for data links between industries.

In terms of coordination of interests, the innovative energy city pointed out that due to the differences in the contribution of residents and visitors to the city, in order to coordinate the interests of different stakeholders, the logic and economic logic of blockchain technology will be integrated to form a token economy. And through this logic to create a new business model: When entering a city, through the interest-integrated blockchain platform, understand the individual's behavior, needs, and the interests of business entities, government interests.

In terms of linking data, Wanxiang will use blockchains in smart manufacturing, intelligent buildings, and intelligent transportation to promote urban linkage.

For example, in terms of smart manufacturing, since Wanxiang Group originally had battery-related business, they learned that the cost of traction batteries is relatively high, accounting for almost half of the cost of electric vehicles. After two years, the efficiency of the battery will drop by 80%. In order to find the second life of the battery, it is necessary to recycle the traction battery and put it in the underground energy storage facility. Thereby achieving renewable energy and grid connections.

But the key issue in this operation is that there are data islands. Blockchain technology can solve the problem of smart manufacturing in this city. Innovative Energy City can use digital finance to design a distributed database and run on the blockchain. Each node is the owner of a data, such as charging stations, manufacturing sites, underground energy storage facilities, automobile manufacturers, etc. Data interoperability.

China Xiong'an – China's "Block City"

Different from Wanxiang Innovative Energy City, which is dominated by enterprises, the blockchain construction of Xiong'an New District is top-down. Moreover, as a new area under the guidance of the state, Xiong'an is regarded as an important infrastructure from the beginning of urban construction.

Therefore, its blockchain layout has a relatively complete system. From fund management to project management and control, from land to house leasing, blockchain technology is involved in all links, and it is also called by the media to use blockchains for planting trees. ".

The inter-chain pulse was counted in July. Since the end of 2017, Xiong’an has launched and landed 9 blockchain applications in the government sector. Among them, three government applications use the incentive characteristics of blockchain technology.

Xiong'an Future Personal Credit System will be implemented in a blockchain manner to reward the good performance of the market.

The project derived from this is a smart garbage collector based on blockchain technology. The public can download the APP and dump the garbage after scanning the code. The built-in system of the garbage can give the garbage deliverer points reward according to the type and weight of the garbage. All the points can be exchanged for life through the service system in the new district in the future. Supplies, etc.

In addition to incentives, Xiong'an's main blockchain application type is regulatory traceability. The most representative is the Xiong'an blockchain fund management platform. Xiong'an relies on this platform to realize multiple construction projects in financing. Transparent management of fund management and payment.

Recently, there have also been a number of project disclosures based on the Xiong'an blockchain fund management platform. On September 21st, the 2019 autumn afforestation project of Xiong'an New District was funded through the blockchain fund management platform. In early September, the Xiong'an New District Flood Control Project will manage the entire funds through the blockchain fund management platform.

Seoul, South Korea – Blockchain Seoul City

While China is actively engaged in the layout of “blockchain cities”, neighboring countries are not willing to go after.

Whenever you mention the smart city of Korea, the first thing that comes to mind is the Songdo New Town project. However, many people do not know that Seoul, South Korea is also using blockchain technology to upgrade the city and build a “blockchain Seoul City”.

In October 2018, the mayor of Seoul announced a five-year plan to develop the blockchain industry in the Korean capital. From 2018 to 2022, the blockchain city plan will cover 14 public services in five areas, total government budget. It is 123.3 billion won (about 108 million US dollars). The goal is to develop Seoul into a smart city driven by blockchain.

It is reported that the Seoul government plans to invest more than 50 million US dollars to build a comprehensive commercial center and establish no less than 200 blockchain enterprises in the commercial center; reports show that the two integrated commercial centers are located in Seoul. Area. One of the commercial centers covers an area of ​​600 square meters, and the other is expected to develop more than 2,000 flat office areas.

At the same time, the government is also preparing to establish several training centers for training professionals in the blockchain industry, and plans to train nearly 800 industry experts within five years.

At the same time, blockchain solutions will be integrated into Seoul's administrative system, including voting systems, charity management and vehicle history reports, and will further integrate blockchain technology into their citizenship ID cards.

In July 2019, city officials first held seminars with representatives of some private sectors. The overall direction of the conference was to activate the industrial ecosystem related to the blockchain and assist the municipal government in implementing innovative administrative services.

According to Korean media reports, a total of three plans will be launched in November, which are electronic qualification certificates (electronics for youth allowances, audit claims, etc.), integrated points management, and Seoul citizen card expansion services (when citizens use public services, Digital or electronic signature can be issued).

Among them, integrated point management is part of Seoul's upcoming blockchain integration system. The city will issue S-coin for public use; public participation in taxation, opinion polls, assistance with government operations, etc., can obtain S -coin, after which you can use the tokens you get to redeem rewards.

(tabulation: interchain pulse)

The construction of the three “blockchain cities” in Asia all mentions the design of the universal model, but as the enterprise-oriented Wanxiang Innovation Energy City, its pass-through model is not as clear as that of Xiong’an and Seoul.

Judging from the Citizen-based Citizens Personal Credit System Project, Xiong An is relatively ahead of Seoul and is currently testing smart garbage collectors based on blockchain incentives. Seoul’s integrated point management will only be in November this year. online.

Judging from the launch time, scale and development level of the comprehensive project, Xiong'an New District seems to be far ahead, better than the Seoul block city of Seoul, and better than Wanxiang Innovation Energy City.

Europe: Estonia's "blockchain empire" takes the lead

Republic of San Marino – "Block Powerhouse"

In recent months, while China and South Korea have actively promoted the development of “blockchain cities”, San Marino, which is nearly 8,000 kilometers away from China, is also striving to move toward the “blockchain power”.

The Republic of San Marino is located in southern Europe and is a country surrounded by Italy.

In July 2019, the Secretary of State for Industry, Trade, Commerce, Cooperation and Telecommunications of San Marino, San Marino Innovation Institute, DNV GL Management Services Group and the Spark Foundation successfully signed a memorandum of understanding.

The company will work with the San Marino Innovation Institute to promote the San Marino digital low-carbon project that stimulates national environmental protection through blockchain technology and functional certification, accelerating San Marino's blockchain technology application process. It is reported that the ecosystem of the project is driven by the San Marino Innovation Certificate, and the tokens are issued on the chain of the only chain of Raytheon.

The project will motivate San Marino citizens' environmental practices, such as water conservation and waste disposal. Citizens who actively practice environmental protection will receive the certificate issued by the San Marino Innovation Institute based on the chain-only Raytheon blockchain platform, and can use the certificate to obtain various services provided in San Marino.

At the same time, the National Innovation Department of San Marino has confirmed that it will develop blockchain technology infrastructure, formulate relevant laws and regulations, and upgrade its technical expertise to become a blockchain powerhouse.

Zug, Switzerland – "Encryption Valley"

Converging external forces with San Marino, boosting the development of blockchain. Zug, Switzerland also widely accepts external organizations and promotes the construction of “blockchain cities”.

Zug, Switzerland is the most in-depth and widely used place in the research of blockchain technology in Switzerland. It is known as the “encryption valley” of Switzerland and is positioned as the development center of encryption technology. The core team of Ethereum and its foundation headquarters are located in Zug, and more and more cryptocurrency and blockchain companies are coming to Switzerland. It is reported that the current membership of the Zug Encryption Valley Association has more than 400 companies.

While extensively integrating external forces, Zug also relies on its own kinetic energy to develop “blockchain cities”.

As early as 2016, Zug has announced that it will allow citizens to use virtual currency to pay for government services, becoming the first city in the world to accept bitcoin in specific public services.

In July 2017, Zug announced plans to launch an Ethereum-based application called “uPort” to apply blockchain technology to the voting system and digitize local resident identity information. The pilot was launched in November and more than 200 residents signed up.

In July 2018, Zug launched a voting pilot program to apply blockchain technology to both the voting system and the resident ID card.

Estonia – "Blockchain Digital Empire"

Compared with the above-mentioned “blockchain city”, Estonia can be called “blockchain digital empire”. Estonia is the first country in the world to establish digital citizenship on the blockchain, and the bottom of the Estonian digital citizenship project is supported by blockchain technology.

Even German Chancellor Angela Merkel, French President Mark Long, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and other prominent figures are digital citizens of the country.

As early as 1999, Estonia proposed a project called e-Estonia, the “Digital Estonia” program. There are three supporting projects planned: X-Road, digital ID project, blockchain system project.

“X-road” is a cross-national and cross-sector information sharing infrastructure created by Estonia. It is a form of alliance chain for big data sharing. Open up databases of hundreds of different government departments and large public relations enterprises and banking institutions in Estonia, Finland, Sweden, etc., to achieve data interconnection and interoperability.

The Digital ID program enables Estonian citizens to have their own ID card to serve the needs of all parties in their lives. For example, voting on the Internet, reviewing and editing automated tax returns, applying for social security benefits, obtaining banking services, and mass transit services. In 2014, Estonia announced the opening of digital citizenship to citizens around the world and launched the e-Residency project.

The blockchain system project is that the KSI unsigned blockchain system in Estonia is now fully utilized in the country's administrative, judicial, commercial, medical, and transportation systems. The KSI unsigned blockchain system was proposed by the Estonian, and its concept was even earlier than the paper published by Nakamoto in 2009.

In August 2017, Estonian officials also announced plans to issue a government-backed cryptocurrency, Estonia, and the world's first government-backed first-generation token. But in June 2018, under the criticism of the ECB president and local banking authorities, Estonia reduced its plan to establish a national cryptocurrency.

(tabulation: interchain pulse)

The core of the “blockchain city state” construction of the three European countries is also the citizen digital identity and token system. One of the most leading companies is Estonia. Based on good digital practice, the country has basically formed a complete blockchain system and has gradually implemented its application.

Switzerland's "encryption valley" Zug is also driven by both internal and external forces to achieve a better blockchain development. San Marino started late and just started to build the “blockchain city state”.

The future has come to the fore: the six development paths of the “blockchain smart city”

Mutual chain pulse observation, although there are some differences in the degree of development in the above six places. But this difference is more reflected in the different paths and possibilities of future blockchain smart city development.

(tabulation: interchain pulse)

Wanxiang Innovation Energy City is enterprise-led and focuses on the role of blockchain in interest coordination and data linking, with a focus on manufacturing, construction, transportation and other application scenarios;

Xiong'an New District is based on the overall planning of the country. It builds a blockchain application form based on the citizen's digital identity and the certificate system in the form of “government set up and enterprise singing”.

Seoul, South Korea is also actively initiated by the government. Based on the original network of the city, it introduces a blockchain based on the digital identity of citizens and the system of tokens, and functions in public affairs and charity.

San Marino is also initiated by the government, and foreign companies set up a token system, first in the field of environmental protection;

Zug, Switzerland, is working with local institutions to promote the combination of voting systems, digital identity and blockchain.

The Estonian government is more active and employs blockchain consultants to build a development system from digital identity to public affairs, administration, justice, business, medical care, and transportation.

Based on different industrial environments and blockchain application scenarios, different answers are given to the topic of “blockchain smart city”. In view of the development of blockchains in the six continents of Asia, Europe and the United States, in fact, the future has come, and the digital building built by the blockchain is already on the rise. The smart city is being rolled out around us.

Text | Mutual chain pulse · Gold car

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