Blockchain distributed storage: a new storage model for ecological big data

Blockchain, deservedly the most beautiful word of 2019, shines in the technology field and stars in the physical industry.

The 1024 speech in 2019 gave a new look to the word blockchain. Previously, it was always associated with MLM and fraud. The word "blockchain" was always covered in gray. But nowadays, blockchain is closely linked with the integration of the real economy and has become a national strategic technology. The word instantly flashes a warm red and a green business .

"Industrial Blockchain" emerged at the historic moment in this era. It is another popular vocabulary after the "Internet". The core is that the blockchain must be integrated with the physical industry to get rid of reality and let the blockchain technology More business scenarios are the right path.

The essence of the blockchain is a database, and it is a distributed storage method. As a blockchain practitioner, today I will talk about the spark generated by the collision of the distributed storage of blockchain and ecological big data .

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Centralized storage vs distributed storage

Most of the current storage is centralized storage, which is stored on traditional centralized servers. If a server goes down or fails, or if the server stops operating, a lot of data is lost. For example, the pictures we send in the WeChat circle of friends, the videos uploaded in Douyin, etc. are all centralized storage. Many friends will store things on the Internet, but after opening it one day, the web page displays a 404, which means that the stored things are gone.

Blockchain, as a distributed database, can solve this problem well. This is determined by the technical characteristics of the blockchain. Digital records on the blockchain cannot be tampered with or forged. Smart contracts allow everyone to collaborate more efficiently, thereby establishing a credible digital economic order, improving data flow efficiency, breaking data silos, and creating new storage models.

Characteristics of ecological big data

Ecological big data is actually closely related to our daily life, such as the daily weather forecast, the traceability data of the agricultural products we eat, etc., are all part of the ecological big data. To talk about this combination, let's first look at the characteristics of ecological big data storage.

With the development of the Internet, currently, ecological big data has the following characteristics in terms of storage:

(1) huge amount of data

From the perspective of data scale, the volume of ecological data is large, and the data has jumped from terabytes to petabytes. With the development of various sensor technologies, satellite remote sensing, radar and video sensing technologies, the data not only comes from traditional manual monitoring data, but also includes aviation, aerospace and ground data. Together they produced massive ecological and environmental data. Over the past 10 years, ecological data has grown with hundreds of terabytes of data each year.

(2) Historical data needs to be stored

Eco-environmental big data requires a combination of dynamic new data and historical data for processing. Real-time continuous observation is particularly important. Only by processing and analyzing these dynamic new data in real time, and combining with the analysis of existing historical data, can we dig out useful information and provide scientific decisions for solving related ecological and environmental problems. For example, in the current urban construction, in the ecological environment restoration and ecological model construction, a large amount of ecological big data needs to be called for analysis, modeling, and formulation of plans. However, at present, many historical data have disappeared due to improper storage, causing the loss of data value.

Since ecological big data has these characteristics, what storage requirements does it have?

Storage requirements for ecological big data

(1) Strong and secure storage

At present, ecological big data is facing serious security risks. Strong and secure storage is imperative for ecological big data. The security of big data mainly includes the security of big data itself and the security of big data technology. For example, in the data storage of big data, data information leaks due to external network attacks by hackers and improper human operations. External attacks include data transmission attacks on static data and dynamic data, data content attacks, data management, and network physical attacks. For example, many massive data for monitoring the ecological environment in the wild require network transmission, which increases the risk of cyber attacks. If it involves some military environmental data, if hackers obtain these data, it may be possible to infer some information about our military, or obtain sensitive ecological environmental data, with unpredictable consequences.

(2) Secure shared storage mechanism

The commercialization of ecological big data requires the integration of data from multiple sources, including governments, enterprises, research institutes, and so on. Only when different types of ecological big data are connected, collided and shared can the value of ecological big data be released. Taking the current construction of smart cities as an example, many cities are building agricultural information big data centers such as intellectual property rights, germplasm resources, agricultural resources, agricultural products, and pest and disease epidemics in all directions and in multiple dimensions to provide complete information services for the supply and marketing of agricultural products. The construction of such big data centers is inseparable from the sharing of ecological big data in various departments.

However, ecological big data sharing faces huge challenges. First of all, the big data of China's ecological environment includes big data of other sectors such as meteorology, water conservancy, ecology, land, agriculture, forestry, transportation, socio-economics, etc., involving multi-sector, multi-sector and multi-source data. Although these departments have established their own data platforms, these platforms are not connected to each other, and they are only data islands. Secondly, because the relevant departments cannot track the trajectory of the data and worry about the ownership of the data, they cannot share the data. Therefore, in order to tap the potential value hidden in ecological big data, the realization of secure data sharing is the key, and it is also the premise and basis for ecological big data to generate value.

( 3 ) Data storage and traceability

Ecological big data is hard-won, and it is the collective wisdom of social sources such as research institutes, enterprises, and individuals. Among them, many ecological big data involve the protection of intellectual property rights. However, the current centralized storage cannot guarantee the protection of intellectual property rights, and the use of data cannot be traced and managed, which easily leads to infringement of intellectual property rights and leakage of private data.

New storage mode brought by blockchain

These are the storage needs of ecological big data. With the rapid development of the current industrial blockchain, the distributed storage of the blockchain can provide a new storage method for ecological big data storage. This core premise is the distributed storage, immutability and data tracking features of the blockchain . With blockchain as the underlying technology, such platforms are built to specifically store ecological big data. Node management, storage management, user management, license management, business channel management, etc. can be set up. Implementation of the underlying services of the blockchain network that provides high availability and dynamic expansion for upper-layer business applications. At the application layer of this platform, API interfaces can be built to make the use of the entire platform flexible and extensible. Blockchain distributed storage has the following characteristics:

(1) Data security storage

By using the distributed storage of the blockchain, a truly ecological big data secure storage can be achieved. First, data is never lost. This is particularly friendly to the historical data of ecological big data, which facilitates the call and comparison of new and old data. Second, data is not easily leaked or attacked. Because the data is distributed storage, if an attack is encountered, only the data fragments stored in some nodes can be obtained, and complete data information or data segments cannot be completely obtained.

(2) Data security sharing

Blockchain can realize the storage of ecological data, that is, confirm the rights, so that intellectual property rights can be avoided and safe sharing can be achieved. After all, the acquisition of ecological big data requires ecological workers to be stationed in the field all year round to extract data. Ecological big data is hard-won. It is the hard work and crystallization of many ecological workers. They need to be protected by property rights, so that the data reflects the application value and business value. More quality big data.

At the same time, the use of blockchain's data security sharing mechanism can also break the data barriers of meteorology, forestry, wetland and other departments, build a safe and reliable data sharing mechanism, and make data flow more valuable.

(3) Data traceability monitoring

At present, some ecological workers will tamper with ecological data in order to obtain private benefits. If you use blockchain technology, it will not be so easy. Using encryption technology, the stored data is encrypted on a distributed storage platform. If the ecological big data changes, the platform can record different versions of it for easy retrospection and verification afterwards. This protection mechanism mainly utilizes the immutability of data to meet the requirements for data security in various business processes using ecological big data. The blockchain can provide security monitoring of the data, record the operation log of the application system, the operation log data of the database, and store it encrypted on the system. It provides a log warning function. It displays the abnormal situation through the blockchain browser for easy discovery Illegal operation and providing evidence.

to sum up

The above is the role that the distributed storage of the blockchain can play in ecological big data. In the future, many platforms for ecological big data storage will definitely be born. Ecological big data is an important basic data for the construction of smart cities . Blockchain technology is used to create related ecological big data storage and management platforms, which can ensure the secure storage and effective sharing of ecological big data. Development of Blockchain.

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