Viewpoint | Promoting the modernization of national governance system and governance capabilities

Source: Science and Technology Daily, original title "Advancing the Modernization of National Governance System and Governance Capability with Blockchain Technology"

Author: Li Ye (Department of Shandong Province Science and Technology Development Strategy Institute director, researcher)

Learn and implement the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session

Recently, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized during the eighteenth collective study of the Political Bureau of the CPC: "The integrated application of blockchain technology plays an important role in new technological innovations and industrial changes. We must take blockchain as the core technology and autonomously An important breakthrough in innovation, clarifying the main attack direction, increasing investment, focusing on overcoming a number of key core technologies, and accelerating the development of blockchain technology and industrial innovation. "General Secretary Xi ’s statement fully demonstrated the implications of blockchain technology Great potential. According to statistics, in November 2019 alone, 36 blockchain policies were introduced across the country. As of now, more than 30 provinces and cities across the country have introduced blockchain support policies. More than 30 colleges and universities have provided blockchain-related courses and established hundreds of blockchain funds, more than 6,000 technology and industry alliances. Based on this, it is necessary to comprehensively and rationally understand the blockchain and explore the formation of a systematic and reasonable management mechanism to promote its healthy and rapid development.

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Strengthening Independent Innovation and Exploring Development Modes Suitable for National Conditions

Blockchain is a combination of innovative technologies formed by multiple technologies such as distributed data storage, smart contracts, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanisms, and encryption algorithms. The core mechanism is to use mathematical principles in an untrusted competitive environment instead of New computing paradigms and collaboration models for third parties to create credit at low cost. As a distributed accounting technology jointly maintained by multiple parties, it has the characteristics of openness, tamper resistance, anonymity, decentralization, and traceability, which has changed the current trust mechanism of the entire Internet and application scenarios in many industries. And operating rules can greatly expand the breadth and depth of human collaboration, and are considered to be disruptive technologies that can cause profound changes in production relations. From an application perspective, blockchain can solve the problem of information asymmetry and achieve collaborative trust and concerted action among multiple subjects. Its application has expanded from the initial digital currency to digital finance, the Internet of Things, intelligent manufacturing, and the supply chain. Management, digital asset trading and other fields have greatly improved the efficiency of economic and social operations, and the prototype of "Blockchain 3.0" featuring "programmable society" has begun to appear.

As a new technology that will have a significant impact on the original social order and pattern, the widespread application of blockchain still faces a series of problems that need to be cracked. First, as a kind of infrastructure in the future society, the security of the blockchain itself is first. In theory, the high security of the blockchain depends on the many non-central nodes that are difficult to attack at the same time. However, in actual operation, due to the varying security protection levels possessed by each node, attackers can use the network topology to successfully implement small-scale attacks with only a small amount of resources. In addition, with the development of quantum computing, technologies such as hash functions, public key encryption algorithms, and digital signatures that the underlying blockchain depends on will also be threatened to a certain extent. Secondly, system-level blockchain security assessment is also a key issue restricting its development. The blockchain structure is complex, and the key links such as consensus algorithms, incentive mechanisms, and smart contracts need to be evaluated for security in practical applications. At present, code evaluation mechanisms are still lacking to detect system vulnerabilities. Traditional firewalls, intrusion detection and other network security Technology cannot be fully applied. Finally, the application of blockchain technology has changed the regulatory model. The traditional regulatory model is centralized and anti-anonymous, but blockchain is a revolution to this model. Faced with the ever-increasing privacy protection technology, supervision technology must also keep pace with the times.

Although China has explored a "coinless blockchain" development model that is heavily applied and supervised, with the full development of this work, more systematic consideration and steady progress are still needed. The first is to strengthen the promotion and popularization of blockchain knowledge, organize professional forces, and use a combination of online and offline methods to continuously enhance the level of awareness of blockchain technology in various fields and industries to establish a win-win situation for all parties. Benign interaction model. The second is to combine legislative norms with technical precautions to improve management. On the basis of strengthening the top-level design and improving laws and regulations, it is necessary to strengthen the research and construction of technical defense systems, such as exploring the development of detection, analysis, and early warning technologies for blockchain platform applications, and strengthening the overall management and management of domestic computing resources. Detection of the distribution of computing power abroad. The third is to strengthen independent innovation, explore development models suitable for China's national conditions, especially accelerate the localization of key core technologies of the blockchain, and explore "multi-center" operating modes such as alliance chains and private chains.

Multi-party work together to build a collaborative innovation system

As policy support continues to increase, the blockchain industry track has become wider, and more and more social forces have participated in it, which has become a key area of ​​focus for talent and capital. In recent years, under the premise of strengthening supervision, China has vigorously promoted the widespread application of blockchain technology in various fields of society, and has also achieved significant results.

However, due to the late start and less accumulation of blockchain technology and industry in China, there is still much room for improvement. For example, in terms of blockchain technology innovation, although the number of China's blockchain patent applications is far ahead in the world, most of them are at the examination stage, and the number of patents granted is relatively small, and most of them are utility model and marginal patents. Moreover, the application of blockchain technology is a systematic project, which requires coordination and coordination from various aspects to effectively advance. However, due to the difficulty in balancing node size, performance, and fault tolerance, cross-chain interconnection is difficult to achieve, lack of unified standards, and difficulty in ensuring consistency of on-chain and off-chain data, the current application of blockchain technology in the financial sector in China as a whole remains stuck. In the initial stage of the pilot test, various application models are still evolving and lacking typical innovative applications. In addition, with the rise of another "blockchain fever", attention should be paid to preventing the impact on traditional business operation models that may be caused by the application of blockchain technology.

In response to the above issues, China needs to promote stakeholders including the government, chain participants, technology providers, etc., to jointly participate in building a collaborative innovation system for blockchain technology. Among them, in technological innovation, full attention block chain and artificial intelligence, networking, converged next-generation information technology, big data and other integrated innovation, to avoid "island style" development of various types of emerging technologies. On the one hand, to seek the common denominator of policy support, to avoid duplication and build support and improve intensive effect; on the other hand seek the least common multiple in the development of ideas, to produce fusion effect, jointly opened the era of intelligent. In the standard setting, all-round development of standards in favor of long-term development of standardized block chain of the industry, is currently the key areas of contention countries. Our country still needs to strengthen research, fight for the right to compete block chain standards as soon as possible. In industrial applications, we need to carry out the "block chain +" action, deepen the scene application in various fields, in accordance with the infrastructure (block chain service network, block chain and service platform), industrial applications and integrated services three rational distribution sector, strengthen the cultivation of key sectors of platform-oriented enterprises, jointly promote the healthy development of the whole industrial ecology. But also should strengthen the scientific planning, to avoid herd situation.

Utilizing Blockchain to Improve the Credibility of Social Governance Data

The party's ninth plenary session examined and adopted four "Decision to uphold and improve the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and promote a number of major issues of national governance systems and governance modernization," he pointed out that in the "new China was founded a hundred years when the full realization of national governance systems and governance modernization. " And in essence, block chain is a set of governance structure, its core is based on a combination of a variety of techniques to establish a new trust mechanism and connection information, the promotion of social governance are flat, with transparent governance and service process, improve government social governance aspects of data credibility and security, and so has a unique advantage.

For example, Shenzhen pioneered the block chain e-invoicing; the Supreme Court has defined block chain can be used as a means of authentication of electronic data; Beijing Public Security Bureau has begun to manage the use of temporary vehicle license plate block chain; and the block chain as a distributed database timestamp information to address intellectual property protection and indeed the right through the database has become an important exploration of the current scene. These are the block chain enabling vivid, three-dimensional practice of governance, but also fully explain the presence of both a strong interaction requirements. Therefore, to accelerate the healthy development of the block chain, and promoting national governance systems and governance modernization level has a high degree of internal consistency.

Block chain technology to master, make good use, can significantly enhance the social operating efficiency, reduce operating costs, optimize the management mechanism, to support innovation and development of a national governance systems and governance modernization is an important starting point. But also fully aware that the technology itself is not a panacea, improper use of new technologies or failure to control, not only to enhance the governance capacity to bring positive effects, but also lead to deformity of the social gradient in technology misleading It would be a national governance systems and governance modernization profound challenges. For example, the traditional center of the current regulatory approach difficult to adapt to the technical requirements inherent block chain. In addition, the application of the block chain of new technologies and the use of master degree, modern ideas into administrative ideology, also put forward higher requirements. Therefore, in order to better promote the governance system and governance applied block chain modernization, but also need to improve the administration and the whole idea of ​​social change and governance capacity.

China's reform and opening practice results show that the modern system of governance and the promotion of national governance is a long and gradual process, the emergence of a revolutionary new technology to provide an opportunity for change and strong support. We need to correctly understand and actively deployed, trying to seize the high ground of technology and industrial development, so that it truly serves the modernization of our country, the majority of the people fully enjoy the endless well-being brought about by technological progress.

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