An overview of the development of 18 government-led blockchain industry parks in China

As of November 2019, there are 18 government-led blockchain industrial parks, of which Hangzhou is the region with the most capital support.

Original title: "Government-led Blockchain Industrial Park Census Report" Written by: Sun Yulin

 

According to incomplete statistics of the Zero One Think Tank, as of the end of November 2019, there were 18 blockchain industry parks or blockchain industry agglomeration carriers under development or construction led or guided by governments or social organizations with a government background;

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The establishment time of the 18 blockchain industrial parks developed and constructed by the government is concentrated in 2017 and 2018;

There are more government-led blockchain industrial parks in Zhejiang and Hunan provinces, and Guangdong has the largest number of blockchain industrial parks, but most of them are market-led models led by enterprises;

The largest Blockchain Industrial Park is the Blockchain Industrial Park located in Hunan Xingsha Industrial Base. The size of the entire Xingsha Industrial Base exceeds 40 square kilometers;

The Hainan Free Trade Zone (Hong Kong) Blockchain Pilot Zone is a blockchain industrial park that attracts the most companies. At present, more than 100 blockchain companies have settled in;

According to the public information, Hangzhou is the region with the most capital support in the government-led blockchain industry park. It is worth mentioning that Wanxiang Group will invest 200 billion yuan in the next 7 to 10 years to build a "Wanxiang Innovation Energy Concentration City" within the 8.42 square kilometers of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, to promote the application of blockchain technology.

In recent years, under the background of vigorously developing the industrial economy, the economic space form of industrial parks has developed rapidly in China, especially in promoting high-tech R & D, incubation and industrialization, to promote technological progress and enhance independent innovation capabilities Important carrier.

Enterprises settled in the industrial park can not only share infrastructure and enjoy the innovative institutional arrangements in the park, but also reduce logistics costs or transaction costs due to the geographical proximity of supporting enterprises or cooperative enterprises.

On October 24, 2019, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China conducted the eighteenth collective study on the current status and trends of the development of blockchain technology, further emphasizing the important role of blockchain technology for the development of the basic economy. Here comes new opportunities for development.

The rapid development of the blockchain industry has continuously attracted a large number of entrepreneurs and industrial capital to join, and local governments have gradually begun to attach importance to the cultivation and development of blockchain technology. With the support of relevant local policies, the construction of the blockchain industrial park is in full swing.

I. Scope of discussion of necessary concepts and reports

Zero One think tank, after referring to several publicly released reports of blockchain industrial parks, found that some incubator-type industrial agglomeration carriers have been classified as industrial parks. Generally, the names of these carriers will include the words "incubator," "base," "center," or "space." This brings up two conceptual issues that need to be addressed: what exactly is an industrial park? And should incubator-type industry agglomeration carriers be included in the scope of this report?

In addition, we found that the development and construction of some industrial parks are led or guided by local governments or social organizations with government backgrounds. At the same time, there are also a certain number of industrial parks whose development and construction are entirely led by one or several companies. Market behavior. So what kind of choice should be made in the statistics and discussion of these two types of industrial parks in this report?

Table: "Daquan" of the Blockchain Industrial Park, Source: Zero One Think Tank Arranged by Public Information

 

1. What is the blockchain industrial park

An industrial park is a special location environment created with the goal of promoting the development of an industry. It is an important form of spatial aggregation for regional economic development and industrial adjustment and upgrading. It is responsible for gathering a series of innovative resources, cultivating emerging industries, and promoting urbanization. Important mission. Industrial parks are generally developed after a large area of ​​land is subdivided for use by some enterprises at the same time, in order to facilitate their geographical proximity and shared infrastructure.

The industrial agglomeration carrier of the nature of the incubator mentioned earlier is also a new type of social and economic organization, which is mainly targeted at startups. By providing R & D, production and operation venues, shared infrastructure and support in consulting, policy, law, marketing, etc., in order to reduce the startup risks and costs of startups and increase the survival rate of startups.

Both industrial parks and incubator-type carriers can play a role in developing emerging technologies and fostering economic endogenous growth, but industrial parks can conceptually include various incubator-type carriers.

Blockchain industrial park is an industrial agglomeration carrier specially established to promote the development of the blockchain industry. Generally speaking, the supporting policies and funding support arrangements of the Blockchain Industrial Park have strong industrial characteristics and are specifically designed to support the development of the Blockchain industry to ensure that innovation and development in related fields can be effectively guaranteed. In addition, most of the companies in the blockchain industrial park belong to the tertiary industry. Generally, they will not be too far away from the central city in terms of location selection. Some industrial parks will also be located near universities and research institutes, which is closely related to the local scientific research force Connection.

2. Scope of discussion in this report

After clarifying the conceptual relationship between the industrial park and other incubator-type industrial agglomeration carriers, we can understand several models of the so-called "blockchain industrial parks" in China. First, the industrial parks are specially designed to support the development of the blockchain industry. , The names of such parks usually include "blockchain industrial parks"; secondly, incubator-type carriers built in other types of industrial parks, such carriers, as we mentioned earlier, their names will include "bases" "Central" or "Space"; the last category is some carriers that directly indicate "blockchain incubator". Compared with "parks", they are often limited in scale.

It should be pointed out that the statistics and research on blockchain industrial parks in this report do not exclude "industrial" industrial agglomeration carriers, but the statistics and research objects selected in this report are from local governments or social organizations with government backgrounds. Industrial parks and industrial agglomeration carriers that lead or guide development and construction.

Table: 18 industrial agglomeration carriers concerned in this report. Source: Zero One Think Tank.

According to the incomplete statistics of the Zero One Think Tank, as of the end of November 2019, there were 18 blockchain industry parks or blockchain industry agglomeration carriers under development or construction led or guided by governments or social organizations with government backgrounds.

2. Why can the blockchain industrial park develop rapidly?

1. Blockchain industry policy support

In 2016, the State Council released the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" National Informationization Plan. For the first time, blockchain was included in the category of new technologies and made a cutting-edge layout. Since then, from the central to the local levels, various types of blockchain industry supervision or support policies have been introduced, creating a good policy environment for the development of blockchain technology and industry.

Take several first-tier cities where blockchain technology is relatively active as an example. Since 2016, these cities have successively introduced a series of policies to support the development of various high-tech including blockchain.

For example, at the end of 2016, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Financial Affairs and the Beijing Municipal Development and Reform Commission jointly issued a notice of the "Beijing's" 13th Five-Year Plan "Financial Industry Development Plan": to accelerate the development of financial technologies such as cloud computing, big data and blockchain Innovative development and application in payment clearing, digital currency, wealth management and other fields. Encourage the development of Internet financial security technologies such as blockchain technology and trusted time stamp identification, protect consumer rights and improve the security of Internet finance.

At the end of 2017, the "Measures for Promoting the Development of the Blockchain Industry in the Guangzhou Development Zone of Huangpu District, Guangzhou City" was officially released, with a total of 10 articles, covering the blockchain from the scope of application, cultivation, growth, platform, application, technology, finance, and activities. Enterprises or institutions support key policies. This policy is also known as the "Ten Blockchain" policies of Guangzhou.

Also at the end of 2017, the Hangzhou Municipal People's Government issued the "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Hangzhou's Lai Lai Industry", which mentioned the blockchain technology in a large length, emphasizing the significance of the blockchain for future competition. Chain and other fields are the first to explore the layout and build the first-mover advantage.

The Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission released the “Shanghai High-tech Field of Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan 2019” in May 2019, focusing on breaking through key blockchain technologies and promoting the demonstration of blockchain applications.

According to incomplete statistics, as of November 2019, a total of 12 provinces and municipalities including Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Fujian, Guizhou, Shandong, Jiangxi, and other municipalities across the country have issued guidance on blockchains. Shanghai, Hangzhou, Suzhou, Guangzhou, In order to attract more blockchain companies to settle in local industrial parks, cities such as Changsha, Chongqing, and Chengdu have even issued corresponding measures for the establishment of blockchain startups, business operations, high-level professionals, housing subsidies, and living subsidies. Supportive policies.

After the Central Political Bureau's collective study of blockchain technology on October 24, 2019, blockchain as an important breakthrough in core technology and independent innovation ushered in new opportunities for development in China.

2. The active development of the blockchain industry

After more than ten years of development in China, blockchain technology has basically formed, including blockchain infrastructure technology and technology solutions, digital asset-related applications, financial scenario applications, real economy scenario applications, multiple on-chain applications, and districts. Industry development system based on seven major categories, including blockchain-related industry services.

After 2017, China's blockchain companies have begun to appear intensively, and more and more Internet giants have also begun to quickly lay out their blockchain business. Many large enterprises including Alibaba, Tencent, Huawei, and Baidu have long been Many explorations in the field of blockchain have begun, and certain results have been achieved. To a certain extent, the concept of blockchain has gradually increased awareness and acceptance throughout the society through the promotion of enterprises.

From the perspective of investment and financing of the blockchain industry, the blockchain has also been favored by the capital side. 2018 has become the "explosion year" for the financing of the blockchain industry. According to incomplete statistics from the Zero One Think Tank, in 2018 alone, China's blockchain companies and projects raised 349 financings with a total amount of RMB 17.3 billion.

In addition, China's blockchain industry has sufficient technical momentum. Since 2015, the number of China's blockchain patent applications has been increasing. According to the statistics of Zero One Think Tank, from January to October 2019, a total of 21 countries and The region has applied for blockchain patents, with a total of 4,765 patent applications. Among them, the total number of blockchain patent applications in China and the United States exceeds 90%, while China's blockchain-related patent applications have doubled in the United States.

Development Status of Government-led Blockchain Industrial Park

Of the 18 government-led blockchain industrial parks / industrial aggregators that Zero One Think Tank focuses on, only a few have dedicated official websites or WeChat public accounts, and the overview of a blockchain park often needs to be distributed on the Internet. Several news collectively described that this work is the most time-consuming and labor-intensive, but we still worked hard to sort out the development status of the government-led blockchain industry park and found some areas worthy of attention.

1. Government-led blockchain park construction focused on 2017 and 2018

First, the establishment time of the 18 blockchain industrial parks developed and constructed by the government is concentrated in 2017 and 2018. Among them, the first two blockchain industrial parks were Hangzhou Xixigu Blockchain Industrial Park and Wuhan Blockchain Industrial Park, which were established in April 2017.

Figure: Time distribution of government-led blockchain industrial park establishment, Source: Zero One Think Tank based on public information

In addition, the establishment of government-led blockchain industrial parks is mostly distributed from September to December, which seems to reflect that the government is more cautious in choosing to establish a blockchain industrial park, and it usually takes more than half a year's inspection and demonstration before it can be established. Will make a decision.

2. There are more government-led parks in Zhejiang and Hunan provinces

Among the 18 government-led blockchain industry parks, there are 4 in Zhejiang Province and 3 in Hunan Province, showing that the local governments in these two provinces are very enthusiastic about building blockchain industry parks. Gao and attaches great importance to promoting the development of the local blockchain industry.

Figure: Geographical distribution of the government-led blockchain industrial park, Source: Zero One Think Tank

Although the total number of blockchain industrial parks in Guangdong Province is the largest (up to 7), the number of government-led blockchain industrial parks is relatively small, which indicates that in Guangdong, the construction of blockchain industrial parks mostly adopts enterprises. Leading marketization model.

3. The largest park scale exceeds 40 square kilometers

If the size of 18 government-led blockchain industrial parks is compared, there are 4 blockchain industrial parks that are relatively large, namely the Hunan Xingsha Blockchain Industrial Park (located in the Xingsha Industrial Base. The planned area of ​​the base is 41.48 square kilometers), the "Chain Valley" of Suzhou High-speed Rail New City (the planned area of ​​Suzhou High-speed Rail New City is 28.52 square kilometers), and the Hainan Free Trade Zone (Hong Kong) Blockchain Pilot Area (located in Hainan Ecological Software Park, the software The first phase of the park has a planned area of ​​3,000 mu, about 2 square kilometers, and the second phase is planned to be 14.5 square kilometers, and the China (Xiaoshan) Blockchain Innovation and Innovation Base (According to reports, Wanxiang Holdings Group plans to promote an 8.42 square kilometers in Xiaoshan District). Construction of Wanxiang Innovation Energy Concentration City). The smaller Asia-Pacific Blockchain Center (APBC) currently has a planned area of ​​5,000 square meters, and it can only be regarded as an incubator-type industrial agglomeration carrier.

Table: Government-led Blockchain Industrial Park Scale, Source: Zero One Think Tank Based on Public Information

4. Hainan Free Trade Zone (Hong Kong) Blockchain Pilot Zone attracts the most enterprises to settle in

From the perspective of the number of companies that have settled in or contracted, the attractiveness of each government-led blockchain industry park is different. Among the parks that have announced the number of enterprises settled, Loudi City Blockchain Industrial Park has fewer companies settled, but for such a block chain industry that has a short establishment time (established in May 2018) and is located in low-tier cities As far as the park is concerned, it is not easy to attract more than ten companies to settle in, and the companies already settled in the Loudi Blockchain Industrial Park include well-known blockchain industry companies such as QuChain Technology and Defangzhichain.

Among the 18 government-led blockchain industrial parks, the Hainan Free Trade Zone (Hong Kong) Blockchain Pilot Zone is the blockchain industrial park that attracts the most companies. Currently, more than 100 blockchain companies have settled in. The Hainan Free Trade Zone (Hong Kong), which has been built for more than a year, is one of China's important opening doors to the outside world and a bridgehead for opening up to the outside world.

Table: Government-led Blockchain Industrial Park Enterprises Settlement, Source: Zero One Think Tank Based on Public Information

Blockchain technology is a comprehensive technology with natural open genes. Therefore, many Chinese blockchain companies choose to enter the Hainan Free Trade Zone (Hong Kong) Blockchain Pilot Zone in part because of the importance of the location of this blockchain industrial park. Advantage. In addition, the Hainan Free Trade Zone (Hong Kong) Blockchain Pilot Zone also recently released the "Six Chains" to the outside world, providing a number of preferential policies for blockchain companies.

5. Hangzhou has the most capital support for blockchain parks

The importance of capital to the blockchain industry is self-evident. Of the 18 government-led blockchain industry parks we are concerned about, 7 have publicly disclosed the scale of their industry support funds, of which the industry support is the largest. The size of the fund reached 200 billion.

Wanxiang Group will invest 200 billion yuan in the next 7 to 10 years to build a “Wanxiang Innovation Energy Concentration City” within the 8.42 square kilometers area of ​​Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou. The blockchain application scenarios of Wanxiang Innovation Energy City include: distributed energy systems, a "shared economy" model based on distributed identity systems, tracking and secondary recycling of new energy batteries, smart manufacturing, smart homes, and smart community services . Therefore, it is a big plus for the China (Xiaoshan) Blockchain Venture Innovation Base, which is also in Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou.

Table: Government-led Blockchain Industrial Park Capital Support, Source: Zero One Think Tank Based on Public Information

In addition, the Hangzhou Blockchain Industrial Park, also located in Hangzhou, released the Xiong'an Global Blockchain Innovation Fund at the launching ceremony of the park. Contribution (raising) was established with a fund size of 10 billion yuan, of which, the government guided the fund to invest 30% to invest in and introduce high-quality blockchain projects.

According to the information that has been published so far, in the government-led blockchain industry park, Hangzhou is the region with the most capital support.

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