Introduction to Blockchain 丨 Why do EOS DPoS not easily cause split forks?

Translator | Listen to the wind

Production | Vernacular Blockchain (ID: hellobtc)

In the blockchain world, fork is a word we often hear, and both Bitcoin and Ethereum have experienced a certain number of forks. However, not all coins will fork, and some coins will hardly fork.

For example, DPoS is not easy to fork. What does this mean, let's take a look today.

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01
What is the DPoS algorithm

First, let's understand what a DPoS algorithm is. DPoS is mainly divided into two parts:

(1) A group of block producers are elected by stakeholder voting;

(2) Block producers schedule production according to rounds.

Like PoW, in DPoS, the final winning rule is still the longest chain winning. At any time, when an honest node sees a valid longest chain, it will switch from the current fork to the longest chain, thereby making the longest chain longer and longer.

But unlike PoW and PoS, DPoS can still run robustly under most network conditions. Let ’s take a look.

02 Block production process

In the normal production process, block producers flow out blocks in turn according to a certain time interval. Any block produced by a block producer outside of the non-round time is regarded as an invalid block. Therefore, as long as each block producer produces the block on time, Block, it will produce the longest valid chain.

When faced with a malicious fork attack from a few nodes, since the block production speed of a few nodes is less than that of a majority of nodes, an honest majority node will generate the longest chain, making the fork invalid.

Network interruption is a challenge that many blockchain networks will face. In the event of a network interruption, there may be situations where there are only a few block producers on each fork. However, after the network is connected, the block producer on each fork will consciously switch to the longest chain to form the longest chain, and the fork ends here.

03 voting supervision process

A very important mechanism in the DPoS mechanism is an extra supervisory position. This mechanism is very similar to the people's congress system in our country. The people elect the deputies to the people's congress, and they serve the people. When the people find that a certain people's congress cannot perform their duties well, they can be eliminated. In DPoS, stakeholders (token holders) can vote out non-honest block producers and choose honest block producers to ensure the stable operation of the network.

For example, when the number of block producers in the network is insufficient, the network's stakeholders can vote to select a new group of block producers to restore network participation. The chain formed by the new block producers has the highest network participation. The longest chain will be formed. Similarly, when multiple block producers fork at the same time, the perpetrators can also be replaced by voting, and the chain determined by honest nodes will form the longest chain.

On the other hand, because the number of block producers in the DPoS system is selected and determined in advance, in order to prevent the block producers from knowing each other and cheating , the system will re- order the block generation sequence after each round Integration, and through this shuffle guarantee that in the end only one fork becomes the longest chain.

04 Summary

Under the common natural network damage, DPoS can guarantee that only one longest chain fork will win in the end. Even when most block producers have problems, they can continue to work and vote out the evil block producers. To restore network engagement.

At present, the DPoS algorithm has been running on some blockchain projects for many years, proving its own security and reliability. Therefore, we often say that DPoS is not easy to fork.

Do you think the DPoS consensus mechanism has lost the decentralized nature of the blockchain? why? Welcome to share your views in the message area.

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